The Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art (YSMA), Pan-Atlantic University, and SMO Contemporary Art are set to present Chika Okeke-Agulu: Freedom Bird, a major survey of the Nigerian artist and scholar’s practice spanning more than three decades, from November 1, 2026 to January 31, 2027.

Curated by Iheanyi Onwuegbucha, with Sandra Mbanefo-Obiago as Associate Curator, the retrospective solo exhibition will bring together paintings, drawings and sculptures alongside selected poems, diary entries, photographs and archival materials that illuminate the intellectual, political and personal contexts behind the artist’s work.

The exhibition offers a rare opportunity to encounter Chika Okeke-Agulu first and foremost as an artist, whose more than three decades of studio practice have evolved alongside his influential work as a scholar, critic and curator of African art.

His artistic practice emerged during the turbulence of military rule in the 1980s and 1990s, engaging questions of repression, civic life, democratic struggle and the position of artists and intellectuals in a changing Nigeria.

His subsequent migration to the United States introduced further questions of exile, memory, displacement and belonging into his artistic vocabulary.

Since the early 1990s, Okeke-Agulu’s artistic practice has been presented in solo, collaborative and group exhibitions across Nigeria, the United States, Europe, Africa and Asia, including exhibitions at the National Museum in Lagos, Goethe-Institut Lagos, Whitechapel Art Gallery in London, the first Johannesburg Biennale and the Newark Museum, among others.

The title, Freedom Bird, is drawn from a recurring motif in Okeke-Agulu’s visual and poetic vocabulary and speaks to freedom as an aspiration continually negotiated through political struggle, personal memory and artistic expression.

Across works produced from the late 1980s to the present, the exhibition traces an evolving artistic language through which the artist reflects on Nigeria’s post-colonial experience, from military dictatorship and democratic aspiration to civic fracture, migration and the continuing movement of Nigerians in search of new futures.

For YSMA, the decision to host Freedom Bird is deeply connected to the museum’s identity as an educational museum– an institution committed not merely to displaying artworks, but to creating opportunities for audiences to encounter art through research, context, critical inquiry and dialogue.

The exhibition brings together artistic practice and scholarship in an especially powerful way: Okeke-Agulu has spent decades simultaneously making art and producing some of the most influential scholarship on Nigerian and African modern and contemporary art.

An artist, art historian, critic, curator, published poet and educator, Okeke-Agulu is currently the Robert Schirmer Professor of Art and Archaeology and African American Studies at Princeton University and Director of its Africa World Initiative.

He has taught extensively on modern and contemporary African art and historiography, curated major exhibitions internationally, and authored or co-authored influential studies of artists including El Anatsui, Yusuf Grillo and Obiora Udechukwu. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2022 and served as Slade Professor of Fine Art at the University of Oxford in 2023.

It is this intersection of studio practice and scholarship that makes the exhibition particularly significant. Freedom Bird provides an opportunity for students, researchers, artists, educators and the wider public to engage with the work of a major Nigerian artist while also exploring the ideas, histories and intellectual questions that have shaped his practice within a museum setting.

Dr. Jess Castellote, Director of the Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art, described the exhibition as a natural extension of the museum’s educational mission in his words:

“YSMA was conceived as a museum where art is not simply seen, but studied, questioned and understood. Freedom Bird embodies that philosophy in an exceptional way because Chika Okeke-Agulu’s artistic practice and intellectual work are inseparable from some of the most important conversations about Nigerian and African art today. Bringing this exhibition to YSMA gives us the opportunity to place the artist, his work and the historical questions that shaped them in conversation with our students, researchers and the wider public. It is precisely the kind of exhibition that demonstrates what an educational museum can contribute to the cultural life of Nigeria.”

The exhibition also represents a meaningful reunion of curator and institution. Dr. Onwuegbucha, who is currently Assistant Professor of African and Caribbean Modern and Contemporary Art at the University of Cambridge, was previously guest curator of YSMA’s inaugural exhibitions in 2019.

His academic and curatorial practice has focused extensively on African modern and contemporary art, including the Nsukka School – the subject of his doctoral research at Princeton University. He has also curated and co-curated exhibitions in Nigeria, Europe and the United States, including Samuel Fosso: Affirmative Acts at the Princeton University Art Museum.

For Onwuegbucha, the exhibition represents the convergence of a sustained scholarly inquiry and a longstanding engagement with Okeke-Agulu’s artistic world.

He said:

“Freedom Bird grew out of a sustained engagement with Chika Okeke-Agulu’s work and the historical and intellectual questions surrounding the generation of artists shaped by the Nsukka School and Nigeria’s turbulent postcolonial history. For an artist who has played no small role in producing exhibition and scholarship on other artists of the Nsukka school, while excluding himself, the exhibition allows us to encounter Okeke-Agulu not only through the lens of his celebrated scholarship, but through his art because he is first an artist before becoming a scholar  Presenting this exhibition at YSMA is particularly important to me not only because of the museum’s commitment to connecting art with research, education and public discourse but because it is a homecoming for the artist .”

The exhibition is co-presented by SMO Contemporary Art with longstanding experience in curating and presenting modern and contemporary African art to diverse local and international audiences, always with a focus on democratising access to art.

Besides helping to build important institutional collections, SMO conserved and curated over eighty large scale modernist art works at the recently refurbished National Theatre between 2021-2024, and created an archive of important historic objects dating back to FESTAC ’77.

Reflecting on the power of art to foster nation building and change the way Africans view their history, their identity and their future, SMO has been at the cutting edge of curating art for social change. Sandra Mbanefo-Obiago, Founder and Creative Director of SMO Contemporary Art, said:

“We consider Freedom Bird a pivotal exhibition to challenge us to think more deeply about our individual and collective responsibility towards building a more equitable world, touching on issues such as nation building, freedom and social justice. Chika Okeke-Agulu’s fourty year journey as artist and social critic is especially timely when we grapple with questions about leadership, followership and civic responsiblitiy, against the backdrop of a rich body of incredibly important historic artworks which document our political history. Freedom Bird is probably one of the most important contemporary art showcases held in a museum in Nigeria for many years.”

Freedom Bird is being supported by a number of sponsors, including TEMPLARS, a leading African law firm.

The exhibition will be on view at the Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art, Pan-Atlantic University, Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, from November 1, 2026 to January 31, 2027 and is supported by a specially curated public programme of conversations about Nigeria’s political and cultural history, and the role of the artist as witness and participant in public life.

About Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art

Described as “the apex of a collector’s aspiration to preserve his art” and voted Museum Opening of the Year by Apollo Magazine in 2020, the Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art (YSMA) at Pan-Atlantic University is Nigeria’s leading art institution, committed to service and impact through the preservation and showcase of the rich artistic heritage of Nigeria.

With an extensive collection of artworks spanning centuries, YSMA offers a diverse range of exhibitions, educational programs, and activities designed to create immersive experiences for visitors and to enrich the cultural landscape of the nation.

The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the World Bank signed a new Co-Financing Framework Agreement to expand joint investment in rural transformation and food systems. Signed during the 2026 Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group in Bangkok, the agreement will strengthen collaboration between the two institutions.

It aims to build resilience and promote entrepreneurship and job creation in rural areas, at a time when the largest generation of young people in history is reaching working age amid slowing growth and increasing economic uncertainty.

“Together, the World Bank and IFAD bring the scale, reach and expertise to transform rural economies and agrifood systems,” said Alvaro Lario, President of IFAD. “This agreement will enable us to turn our shared ambition into greater investment, more jobs, stronger resilience and improved food security for millions of people.

The agreement builds on the two institutions’ partnership across multiple initiatives, including AgriConnect, which aims to help transform agriculture for 300 million smallholder farmers by 2030, and Water Forward, which seeks to improve water security for 1 billion people by 2030.

Pan-Atlantic University hosted its 26th Inaugural Lecture, delivered by Professor Ekundayo Peter Mesagan, Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics in the School of Management and Social Sciences (SMSS), at the Honeywell Group Auditorium, Lagos Business School.

In formally introducing the inaugural lecturer, the Vice-Chancellor, Professor Enase Okonedo, described Professor Mesagan as “an economist, researcher and policy advisor whose work spans energy and environmental economics, industrial policy, natural resources and sustainable economic development.” She highlighted his contributions to national development, including his membership of the drafting committee for Nigeria’s Agenda 2050 under the Federal Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning, and his engagement with the Nigerian Economic Summit Group and the Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research.

“Through his research, teaching and engagement with policy and industry, Professor Mesagan continues to contribute to the understanding of some of the economic and environmental issues shaping Nigeria and the wider African continent,” she said.

Delivering the lecture titled “Making Lemonade from Lemons: The Fossil Energy & Sustainability Puzzle,” Professor Mesagan examined the tension between the global push for environmental sustainability and the developmental realities of oil-rich and energy-deficient nations. He framed the discussion with a central question:

“In the last few decades, the global argument for environmental sustainability has been that we should de-emphasise the use of fossil energy while scaling up other forms of energy that are less carbon-dioxide emitting. Is this true or not? What should happen to oil-rich nations, especially developing countries? Should they fold up, or should they seek alternative sources of income for financing their projects?”

He argued that the energy transition is far more complex than simply substituting fossil fuels with renewables, as technological and cost constraints mean fossil fuels will remain part of the global energy mix for the foreseeable future.

Africa’s pathway, he stressed, cannot mirror Europe’s, because expanding energy access and supporting economic growth must remain urgent priorities alongside environmental goals.

Professor Mesagan further emphasised that natural resources do not determine a nation’s destiny; outcomes depend on the quality of governance, policy choices, innovation and investment. “The future belongs to countries that can transform challenges into opportunities,” he noted, underscoring the lecture’s central metaphor.

He highlighted the critical roles of technology, including cleaner industrial processes and carbon capture and storage, and financial systems aligned with sustainability priorities. Energy transition, he added, cannot be separated from poverty reduction and improved energy access, and meaningful progress will require genuine collaboration among economists, engineers, policymakers, environmental scientists and other experts.

The event drew principal officers of the University, members of Senate, faculty, students, alumni, industry leaders, policymakers and members of the public.

About Pan-Atlantic University
Pan-Atlantic University is a private, nonprofit institution located in Lagos, Nigeria, committed to forming competent and ethical professionals equipped to serve society with integrity.

Nigeria is continuing to develop its defence industrial capabilities as it seeks to strengthen local manufacturing, encourage investment and build new partnerships with organisations across Africa and the international defence community.

The country’s growing focus on defence manufacturing reflects a broader ambition to develop an increasingly capable and sustainable industrial base, supported by cooperation between government, industry and international partners.

This direction is gaining greater international visibility as Nigerian defence organisations engage with industry at major exhibitions and forums around the world, presenting capabilities and exploring opportunities for future collaboration.

Developing Defence Industrial Capability

Nigeria has identified defence manufacturing as an important area for long-term industrial development.

The Defence Industries Corporation of Nigeria, DICON, plays a central role in this landscape, alongside a growing network of private sector organisations and international partners.

Major General Babatunde Ibrahim Alaya, Director General of the Defence Industries Corporation of Nigeria (DICON), said:

Nigeria’s Defence Manufacturing Future | Major General Babatunde Ibrahim Alaya at AFRIDEX

“The message to investors and international partners attending AFRIDEX is that Nigeria is open for business in the defence and security sector. DICON is inviting stakeholders and investors who are ready to partner with us to bring manufacturing to Nigeria, allowing DICON and its partners to produce locally.”

Continued development of the sector has the potential to create opportunities across manufacturing, engineering, technology, research, maintenance, training and specialist services.

It also opens the door to greater cooperation between Nigerian organisations and established international defence companies seeking to build sustainable relationships within the region.

Investment, knowledge sharing, skills development and industrial collaboration will be important elements in supporting this progress.

Opportunities for African and International Co-operation

Nigeria’s ambitions sit within a wider evolution of the defence industry across Africa.

Across the continent, governments and industry are exploring how stronger domestic capabilities can complement established international relationships and support long-term defence and security requirements.

This creates opportunities for cooperation across borders, bringing together African expertise and manufacturing capability with international technology, experience and investment.

Rather than operating in isolation, the development of national defence industries can provide new foundations for partnerships between governments, manufacturers, technology companies, research organisations and investors.

The result could be a more connected African defence industrial landscape with stronger links to the global defence community.

AFRIDEX Provides a Platform for Collaboration

These developments provide an important backdrop to AFRIDEX 2026, taking place from 26 to 29 October at Eko Atlantic in Lagos.

The inaugural Africa International Defence Exhibition will bring together governments, armed forces, defence manufacturers, technology providers, investors and industry leaders from Africa and around the world.

Hosted in Nigeria, AFRIDEX will provide a platform for African organisations to present their capabilities while enabling international companies to develop relationships, understand regional requirements and explore opportunities for cooperation.

General Christopher Gwabin Musa (rtd), Nigeria’s Minister of Defence, said:

Nigeria’s Defence Industrial Future | General Christopher Musa at AFRIDEX

“AFRIDEX provides DICON with an international platform and an opportunity to showcase what it has to offer. President Bola Ahmed Tinubu recently approved legislation enabling DICON to partner with original equipment manufacturers. AFRIDEX presents a significant opportunity because international companies will attend, allowing us to build on this development and present DICON’s work to the world.”

The exhibition will also create an environment for discussions around investment, technology, industrial development and long-term partnerships.

As Nigeria continues to develop its defence industrial capabilities, AFRIDEX will provide an important meeting point for the African and international defence communities.

From Lagos, the conversation will extend beyond individual markets to a broader question: how can African industry and international partners work together to support the future development of defence capability across the continent?

Communiqué

Issued at the close of a Multi-stakeholder Conference to Commemorate International Day for Universal Access to Information (IDUAI) 2026 organised by Media Rights Agenda (MRA) and the International Press Centre (IPC), on September 28, 2026.

Preamble

Media Rights Agenda (MRA) and the International Press Centre (IPC) organised a one-day multi-stakeholder conference in Lagos on September 28, 2026 to commemorate the International Day for Universal Access to Information (IDUAI) 2026, under the theme, “Freedom of Information in the Age of Disinformation: Why Transparency Matters More Than Ever.”

The event brought together journalists and other media professionals, representatives of civil society organisations (CSOs), lawyers, and other stakeholders to examine the importance of access to information in promoting transparency and accountability, particularly in an information environment increasingly affected by misinformation and disinformation.

In his welcome address, the Executive Director of the International Press Centre (IPC), Mr Lanre Arogundade, noted that combating disinformation could not be reduced to telling citizens to “check the facts,” stressing that public institutions have a responsibility to make credible information available, explain decisions clearly, and respond appropriately to legitimate requests for information.

He further observed that the challenge was not simply whether information was available, but whether systems for accessing, verifying and using public information were sufficiently strong to support democratic accountability.

The event allowed participants to reflect on the implementation of Nigeria’s Freedom of Information (FOI) Act, 2011, and the roles of different stakeholders in strengthening access to information. It featured other presentations and interactive discussions on the implementation of the FOI Act, including the roles of CSOs, lawyers, and the media in advancing access to information, as well as the gender dimensions of FOI implementation.

Participants also shared experiences and perspectives on the practical challenges of using the FOI Act, as well as its implementation, while examining the importance of transparency and access to reliable information in addressing misinformation and disinformation.

Observations

Participants noted with concern that:

Despite the existence of the FOI Act for over 15 years, compliance by public institutions across all levels of government remains largely poor, with many agencies refusing to respond to requests for information, denying requests without legitimate reasons, failing to proactively publish information as required by law, and violating the provisions of the Act in other ways.

There appears to be a high degree of ignorance of the provisions of the FOI Act among public officials and members of the public, which continues to hinder usage of the Law and its effective implementation. In addition, a pervasive culture of secrecy within many public institutions means public officials are frequently unwilling to disclose even the most harmless information.

Delays in responding to requests for information continue to undermine the usefulness of information sought, particularly where such information is required for investigative journalism, public-interest reporting, civic monitoring, or other time-sensitive purposes.

The frequent absence of timely, reliable information from public institutions creates an information gap that can make it more difficult for citizens, journalists, and other stakeholders to verify claims and distinguish accurate information from misinformation and disinformation.

Information disorder, including the widespread circulation of misinformation and disinformation, is increasingly undermining public trust in government, the media, and the information environment, making access to accurate, reliable official information more critical than ever.

The gender dimensions of FOI implementation remain inadequately addressed, with women and other marginalised groups often facing additional barriers in accessing information and participating fully in transparency and accountability processes.

The lack of effective sanctions for non-compliance with the provisions of the Act is engendering a culture of impunity among public institutions and has contributed significantly to undermining the effectiveness of the law.

The increasing volume and speed of information circulating through digital platforms make access to authoritative and verifiable public information increasingly important to public discourse and accountability.

Resolutions

Participants reaffirmed their belief that access to information is a fundamental right and essential to transparency, accountability, and democratic governance. They further recognised that access to reliable information is particularly important in an information environment affected by misinformation and disinformation.

Accordingly, participants resolved to:

Make greater, more strategic use of the FOI Act in their professional and advocacy work to promote transparency, accountability, and public participation in governance, integrating it systematically in investigative reporting, civic monitoring, research, and advocacy campaigns.

Strengthen collaboration among media organisations, legal, and civil society organisations in using the FOI Act to investigate issues of public interest, monitor government programmes and expenditure, counter misinformation, and promote accountability.

Pay greater attention to the gender dimensions in FOI implementation by identifying information needs that affect women and other underserved groups and addressing barriers that may limit their ability to exercise their right to information.

Advocate for and integrate gender considerations in FOI advocacy, implementation, and practice to ensure equitable, meaningful access to information for women and other marginalised groups.

Increase public awareness of the right of access to information and provide practical information to citizens and communities on how to make effective requests under the FOI Act.

Document and share knowledge and experiences of using the FOI Act, including challenges encountered in requesting and obtaining information, to strengthen collective knowledge and advocacy for effective implementation.

Pursue legal remedies, including litigation, where necessary, to enforce compliance with the Act, particularly wrongful denials of requests for information.

Recommendations

Participants called on:

Governments at all levels to demonstrate stronger commitment to the effective implementation of the FOI Act and ensure public institutions comply with their obligations under the law.

Public institutions to take steps to ensure full implementation of the Act, particularly by complying with their statutory obligations, including establishing dedicated FOI Desks staffed by trained personnel and proactively publishing a wide range of information in accordance with Section 2(3) and (4) of the Act.

Public institutions to improve record-keeping and information management systems to ensure that requested information can be readily identified and accessed in a timely manner.

Public institutions to provide information in formats that are accessible and usable by different categories of information seekers, including women and other groups that may face barriers to accessing public information.

The media to make more systematic use of the FOI Act as a tool for investigative and public-interest journalism and to strengthen journalists’ capacity to formulate, submit, and follow up on FOI requests.

Civil society organisations to intensify public enlightenment, monitoring, and advocacy efforts around the implementation of the FOI Act and support citizens in exercising their right of access to information.

Media and civil society organisations to facilitate or strengthen collaboration, as the case may be, in monitoring compliance with the FOI Act and documenting cases of wrongful denial, delay, or other barriers to access to information.

The Attorney-General of the Federation to exercise his oversight responsibilities with greater rigour to ensure compliance with the law by issuing appropriate directives against officials and institutions that persistently and willfully violate the provisions of the Act, including wrongfully denying requesters information.

The judiciary to give expedited hearings and judgments in FOI cases to guarantee the timeliness and continued relevance of any information that may ultimately be disclosed as a result of litigation, in accordance with the intent of Sections 20 and 21 of the Act.

The National Orientation Agency (NOA) to be more proactive in its public enlightenment responsibilities by intensifying awareness campaigns on the right of access to information and the provisions of the FOI Act, particularly at the grassroots level, to ensure that citizens are aware of and able to exercise their right to information.

Relevant authorities and stakeholders to adopt gender-responsive approaches in FOI implementation to address barriers faced by women and other marginalised groups and ensure inclusive access to information.

All stakeholders, particularly public institutions, the media, and civil society organisations, to prioritise transparency and the proactive disclosure of accurate information as a critical means of combating misinformation and disinformation and upholding information integrity.

Public institutions and other relevant stakeholders to leverage digital technologies to improve the publication, accessibility, storage, and dissemination of information while ensuring that such technologies do not create additional barriers to access.

All stakeholders to strengthen cooperation and information-sharing to promote an information environment in which citizens can access reliable information, participate meaningfully in public affairs, and hold public officials and institutions accountable.

Conclusion

Participants reaffirmed that the right of access to information remains central to transparency, accountability, public participation, and democratic governance. They noted that, in an information environment increasingly affected by misinformation and disinformation, timely access to credible information held by public institutions is more important than ever.

Participants commended Media Rights Agenda and the International Press Centre for their continued efforts to promote access to information, media freedom, transparency, and accountability in Nigeria.

They reaffirmed their commitment to working collaboratively to advance the effective implementation of the FOI Act, and to uphold the public’s right to know as a cornerstone of democracy, good governance, and a healthy information environment in the age of disinformation.

Adopted in Lagos this 28th Day of September 2026.

Author: Désirée Cubadda

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The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) has joined Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (FMAFS), the World Bank Group (WBG) and development partners to launch the Nigeria AgriConnect Compact, a national framework aimed at growing Nigeria’s agriculture sector, creating jobs and accelerating food and nutrition security across the country’s priority value chains.

AgriConnect is a World Bank Group initiative designed to help smallholder farmers worldwide move from subsistence to surplus production. It focuses on strengthening agricultural ecosystems through stronger farmer organizations, improved market linkages, enhanced access to finance and digital solutions, and greater private sector participation across food systems.

Aligned with Nigeria’s Renewed Hope Agenda and the National Agricultural Technology and Innovation Policy (NATIP), the Compact targets priority crop and livestock value chains with strong potential for productivity growth and job creation.

Over the next five years, the Compact aims to improve food and nutrition security for nearly three million people and create more than 2.5 million jobs by developing value chains and strengthening market integration.

“As the only international financial institution exclusively focused on rural transformation, IFAD brings a distinct contribution to AgriConnect by working with smallholder farmers at the first mile of food systems to strengthen farmer collectives, improve post-harvest management and build the commercial linkages needed to connect producers to reliable markets,” said Mohamed El-Ghazaly, IFAD Country Director for Nigeria.

“AgriConnect presents an important opportunity for IFAD to build on our long-standing partnership with the Federal Republic of Nigeria and deepen support to smallholder farmers across the country.”

Nigeria’s agriculture sector remains central to the country’s economy, contributing 26 per cent of GDP and employing about 30 per cent of the workforce. Yet productivity remains well below that of regional peers, and about half of the country’s 37 million hectares of arable land is under-utilised.

With more than 31 million Nigerians facing acute food insecurity – driven by inflation, insecurity and climate shocks – AgriConnect comes at a critical time to boost agricultural production, attract private investment and strengthen Nigeria’s position as a regional food basket.

The Compact will mobilise an estimated US$5 billion over five years from government, development partners and the private sector to finance stronger foundations for smallholder productivity, advance policy reforms, and expand farmers and agribusinesses’ access to affordable credit, insurance and blended finance.

IFAD’s current portfolio in Nigeria includes the Value Chain Development Programme (VCDP), the Livelihood Improvement Family Enterprises Project in the Niger Delta (LIFE-ND), and the forthcoming Value Chain Programme in Northern Nigeria (VCN), representing a combined IFAD financing commitment of close to US$392 million.

AgriConnect is backed by a commitment from the World Bank Group to double its annual financing for agriculture and agribusiness to US$9 billion and mobilize an additional US$5 billion from partners. The initiative is supported by a coalition of development and private-sector partners, including IFAD, the African Development Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, Bayer and Google.

At the AgriConnect initiative announcement in October 2025, IFAD pledged to reach at least 70 million small-scale farmers and significantly transform their lives by increasing their incomes, productive capacity and market access by 2030.

This pledge reflects the aggregate planned beneficiaries of over 200 IFAD-supported projects that will be implemented globally across Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the Middle East, between 2025 and 2030. The majority of outreach will be concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and in low-income countries.

The Nigeria AgriConnect Compact sets indicative targets of improving food and nutrition security for nearly three million people and creating 2.56 million jobs by 2031, alongside a 30 per cent increase in average yields for rice, maize and wheat, a 35 per cent increase for cassava, and higher productivity and reproductive rates across cattle, small ruminants, pigs and poultry.